2023考研英语复习指导之被动语态翻译篇




2023考研英语复习指导之被动语态翻译篇

本文主要整理归纳了2023考研英语复习指导之被动语态翻译篇,各位考生可在复习过程中作为参考。

2023考研英语复习指导之被动语态翻译篇

  1.逆序法

  逆序法就是汉语译文的语序和英语的语序完全相反。翻译时,要把英语句子后面的词或短语放到汉语译文的前面,有些句子所有词的顺序都发生变化,有些句子只有部分词的顺序发生变化。请看译例。

  (1)A right kind of fuel is needed for an atomic reactor.

  译文:原子反应堆需要一种合适的燃料。

  (2)Every day new compounds are produced in the laboratory by the synthetic
organic chemist.

  译文:有机化合每天都在实验室制造新的化合物。

  (3)Swift progress has also been made in culture and education.

  译文:文教事业也有迅速的发展。

  2.译成汉语的无主句

  一些被动语态的句子可用汉语的无主句表达。

  (1)It is important that fresh impetus be given to the national economy.

  译文:重要的是,应该给国民经济注入新的活力。

  (2)A court order was obtained, permitting the police to subject him to a
lie detector test.

  译文:获得了法庭指令,允许警察对他使用测谎仪进行测谎。

  (3)It must be recognized that China is still a developing country.

  译文:须承认中国还是一个发展中的国家。

  3.增添汉语逻辑上的主语

  有些英语被动句翻译成汉语,需要增加逻辑上的主语,我们可根据上下文增加适当的主语。

  (1)More state help is needed for the disadvantaged sections of the
community.

  译文:国家需要向社会的贫困阶层提供更多救济。

  (2)Their bombs are always placed in strategic positions to cause as much
chaos as possible.

  译文:他们总是把炸弹放在战略要地,从而尽可能引起更大的混乱。

  (3)Copper articles have been used for several thousand years.

  译文:人类对铜器的使用已经有几千年的历史了。

   4.语序基本不变 助动词be省略不译

  有一些英语被动句,可按其原有的语序表达或作稍微的调整,但助动词be要省略不译。

  (1)The members of the jury were discharged.

  译文:陪审员都解散了。

  (2)All the problems are to be discussed.

  译文:所有问题将会进行讨论。

  (3)The conference will be held next week.

  译文:会议将于下周举行。

   5. 被动语态转换成“是……的”

  一些英语被动句,翻译成汉语可用“是……的”来表达。

  (1)History is made by the people.

  译文:历史是人民创造的。

  (2)Produced by electrons are the x-rays, which allow the doctor to look
inside a patient’s body.

  译文:X 射线是电子产生的, 它使医生能透视病人的身体。

  (3)These objects were produced using a revolutionary new process which
until recently was unavailable in Britain.

  译文:这些东西是用一种革新的工艺生产出来的,而英国直到最近才掌握这项工艺。

  6. 调整部分语序

  有些被动句转换成汉语的主动句,其它的句子成分要作相应的调整,以便使译文符合汉语的表达习惯。

  (1)The Statue of Liberty was dedicated on an island in Upper New York Bay
in 1886.

  译文:1886年,自由女神像在纽约湾北部落成。

  (2)All objects are made to expand by heat.

  译文:所有物质遇热都会膨胀。

  (3)The problem of population control has to be recognized and approached in
a world environmental context.

  译文:世界人口控制问题须从世界环境这个大局去认识、去研究。

以上为“2023考研英语复习指导之被动语态翻译篇”内容,祝大家考试顺利,取得优异的考试成绩。

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2023考研英语复习指导之被动语态翻译篇

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